Mobile Learning

Versatile Learning Mobile learning can be characterized as any kind of realizing which utilizes remote handheld innovation. The ongoing improvement in versatile innovation permits understudies to get to data and taking in materials from anyplace and whenever. With some incredible advantages, portable learning is getting increasingly significant in the current instructive framework. In any case, there are a few confinements which can't be precluded. One significant bit of leeway of portable learning is its high adaptability. This for the most part originates from the advances of size and weight of versatile devices.Compared to books and PCs, cell phones are simpler to hold and have higher conveyability [1]. As indicated by Kukulska-Hulme and Traxler [1], students can utilize cell phones in divergent learning settings, extending from casual circumstances to progressively formal circumstances. At the end of the day, understudies can utilize their telephones during save minutes. Boyes [4 ] accepts that this property can permit them to utilize ‘dead time’ for examining. What's more, the touch screen show, as the principle interface by which understudies control the cell phones, may improve their effectiveness of study.However, this could also be a deficiency of portable realizing, which will be referenced a short time later. To wrap things up, the cell phones can be helpful apparatuses for helping inabilities in considering. Albeit versatile innovation is growing quickly, there is no particular gadget which is intended for learning. Partner [3] demonstrates that cell phones are predominantly intended for word related purposes yet not instructive and preparing purposes at present. Thusly, these instruments may not fulfill all the instructive needs.For occasion, the little screens of the gadgets, with poor coherence, are badly arranged for understudies to understand articles. In the in the interim, long haul use can cause genuine medical issue, for example , short sight and blood-mind boundary. As indicated by Boyes [4], battery utilization and capacity limit are additionally unavoidable restrictions of cell phones. Additionally, Ally [3] believes that network may be another significant obstruction to portable learning. With restricted data transfer capacity and remote abilities, students can scarcely get to learning materials on portable devices.The great capacity is another convincing bit of leeway of versatile learning. These days, cell phones are good with sounds, pictures and even recordings. Partner [3] keeps up that learning materials in mixed media group are additionally invigorating for students. To put it in an unexpected way, these components presumably improve the innovation of understudies. Additionally, including interactive media parts forestalls the learning materials to be excessively dull. This can expand the inspiration of understudies. Also, understudies can undoubtedly locate various strong applications utilizing their devices.For model, understudies can discover and become familiar with some troublesome words with the assistance of word reference applications. Besides, online web indexes are phenomenal associates for data assortment. All the previously mentioned devices can improve learning proficiency. Despite the fact that portable learning has huge advantages because of its high adaptability and mixed media similarity, it represents a fundamental issue simultaneously †absence of correspondence. All things considered, addresses, understudies are doing vis-à-vis cooperation with the lecturers.They may bring up issues or give inputs in a split second while they don't have a similar open door in virtual exercises. O’Driscoll [5] proposes this may cause a concealment of inventive reasoning and created thoughts. Also, as verified by Kukulska-Hulme and Pettit [2], it very well may be simple for understudies to get occupied. Besides, as single direction correspondence doesn't advanc e shared comprehension between individuals, misjudging and clashes may handily happen. This inadequacy can prompt poor cooperation. Likewise, portable learning can't help improve explicit abilities, particularly introduction skills.This is on the grounds that understudies must practice this aptitude before crowd, in actuality. All in all, the high adaptability and magnificent ability are two favorable circumstances of portable learning. Some part of learning can be improved through executing this creative learning technique. All things considered, some significant impediments show that it is certainly unthinkable for versatile figuring out how to supplant the conventional learning. Rather than a substitution, versatile learning ought to be viewed as a fundamental to the current instructive framework. As I would see it, portable learning is significant presently.However, there is opportunity to get better. Battery utilization and medical issue may be improved by the future innovation s. Cell phones ought to adjust to the requirements of students, so as to be a perfect device for training. Aside from that, frameworks for high data transmission and remote capacities must be worked to improve network for better access. References 1. A. Kukulska-Hulme and J. Traxler, Mobile Learning: A handbook for teachers and coaches. New York, NY: Taylor and Francis Inc, 2005. 2. A. Kukulska-Hulme and J.Pettit, â€Å"Practitioners as Innovators: Emergent Practice in Personal Mobile,† in Mobile Learning: Transforming the Delivery of Education and Training. Canada: AU Press, Athabasca University, 2009, ch. 7, pp. 135-156. 3. M. Partner, Mobile Learning: Transforming the Delivery of Education and Training. Canada: AU Press, Athabasca University, 2009. 4. M. Boyes. (2011, Dec 17). 24 advantages of versatile learning. [Online] Available: http://bits of knowledge. elearningnetwork. organization/? p=507 5. N. O’Driscoll. The Disadvantages of One-Way Communication. [Online] Available: http://www. ehow. com/info_8307652_disadvantages-oneway-correspondence. html Portable Learning Portable Learning Mobile learning can be characterized as any kind of realizing which utilizes remote handheld innovation. The ongoing improvement in versatile innovation permits understudies to get to data and taking in materials from anyplace and whenever. With some extraordinary advantages, versatile learning is getting progressively significant in the current instructive framework. In any case, there are a few confinements which can't be discarded. One significant favorable position of portable learning is its high adaptability. This for the most part originates from the advances of size and weight of versatile devices.Compared to books and PCs, cell phones are simpler to hold and have higher movability [1]. As per Kukulska-Hulme and Traxler [1], students can utilize cell phones in divergent learning settings, extending from casual circumstances to increasingly formal circumstances. As it were, understudies can utilize their telephones during save minutes. Boyes [4] accepts that this property can permit them to utilize ‘dead time’ for contemplating. What's more, the touch screen show, as the primary interface by which understudies control the cell phones, may improve their effectiveness of study.However, this could also be a lack of portable realizing, which will be referenced a short time later. To wrap things up, the cell phones can be helpful instruments for helping incapacities in considering. Albeit portable innovation is growing quickly, there is no particular gadget which is intended for learning. Partner [3] demonstrates that cell phones are essentially intended for word related purposes however not instructive and preparing purposes at present. Therefore, these devices may not fulfill all the instructive needs.For occurrence, the little screens of the gadgets, with poor lucidness, are awkward for understudies to understand articles. In the in the mean time, long haul utilization can cause genuine medical issue, for example, short sight and blood-mind obstruction. As indicated by Boyes [4], battery utilization and capacity limit are likewise unavoidable confinements of cell phones. In addition, Ally [3] believes that network may be another impressive prevention to portable learning. With restricted transfer speed and remote abilities, students can barely get to learning materials on portable devices.The great capacity is another convincing bit of leeway of versatile learning. These days, cell phones are perfect with sounds, pictures and even recordings. Partner [3] keeps up that learning materials in sight and sound configuration are all the more animating for students. To put it in an unexpected way, these components presumably improve the innovation of understudies. Also, including sight and sound parts forestalls the learning materials to be excessively dull. This can expand the inspiration of understudies. Moreover, understudies can without much of a stretch locate various steady applications utilizing their d evices.For model, understudies can discover and get familiar with some troublesome words with the assistance of word reference applications. Moreover, online web crawlers are fantastic aides for data assortment. All the previously mentioned devices can improve learning proficiency. Despite the fact that versatile learning has huge advantages because of its high adaptability and mixed media similarity, it represents a hidden issue simultaneously †absence of correspondence. In actuality, addresses, understudies are doing eye to eye association with the lecturers.They may bring up issues or give criticisms in a flash while they don't have a similar open door in virtual exercises. O’Driscoll [5] recommends this may cause a concealment of inventive reasoning and created thoughts. Besides, as substantiated by Kukulska-Hulme and Pettit [2], it very well may be simple for understudies to get diverted. Besides, as single direction correspondence doesn't advance shared comprehensi on between individuals, misjudging and clashes may effortlessly happen. This lack can prompt poor collaboration. Likewise, portable learning can't help improve explicit abilities, particularly introduction skills.This is on the grounds that understudies must practice this expertise before crowd, all things considered. All in all, the high adaptability and phenomenal ability are two favorable circumstances of versatile learning. Some part of learning can be improved through executing this creative learning technique. In any case, some generous limitatio

A press kit about Intensive English Program (IEP) at Western Assignment

A press unit about Intensive English Program (IEP) at Western Washington University (WWU) - Assignment Example Pitch letter Western Washington University ‘Western Front’ [Date] Karen Smith Communications Facility 255 Western Washington University (360) 650-3252 Dear Ms. Smith, On November 11, 2013 Open Doors †an Institute for International Education distributed a report demonstrating the extreme ascent in the quantity of global understudies at schools and colleges over the United States with the vast majority of the development driven by understudies from non-English talking nations i.e., China and Saudi Arabia, for the seventh back to back year. The Western Washington University as of now houses 63 global understudies from more than 15 nations including Libya, Mexico, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Russia, Germany, Italy, Venezuela, Columbia, South Korea, China, Taiwan, Thailand, Kuwait, and Japan. Such inundation of universal understudies is characteristic of a pattern that requests a steady structure as a formal instructive/preparing program custom fitted to suit the English lang uage needs of such understudies. The Intensive English Program at the WWU (Western Washington University) in Bellingham is planned particularly for global understudies offering a blend of instructive and non-instructive projects for understudies just as experts. This program would profit not just the forthcoming understudies wanting to take on graduate and post-graduate courses yet additionally those planning on learning English only for business and/or social correspondence purposes. The program expects to invite every single worldwide candidate including the individuals who don't meet the college's English language prerequisite and offer proper courses for readiness. The IEP vows to open a universe of opportunities for every one of those seeking to take in the English language from a gathering of all around qualified and devoted staff with amazing proficient accomplishments in the field of language educating. The procedure of use is generally simple and doesn't require the accommo dation of IELTS or TOEFL test scores. Evan Ryan - Assistant secretary of State for Educational and Cultural Affairs expressed that Worldwide training advances the relationship building and information trade among individuals and networks in the United States and around the globe that are important to fathom worldwide difficulties. An English language program, for example, the IEP is a stage forward toward that path. The Western Front has had an amazing history of taking into account its immense understudy network and has reliably been a wellspring of crucial data for them for more than 3 decades now. We are certain that the perusers of The Western Front would need to get to more data about IEP and we anticipate tending to every one of their questions and worries in whatever we can. Kindly don't hesitate to contact - [include name here], head/co-ordinator [of the program] at [insert telephone number here]. For additional data about the program, and other related issues we welcome you to investigate our site at: [insert interface here] or get in touch with us straightforwardly at: [insert email here] for a chance to talk about it further. Respects, [Name] [Phone Number] [Organization] 2. Official statement The Bellingham Herald 1155 N. State St., Bellingham, WA 98225 Celebrating 30 radiant long stretches of one of the most mainstream and profoundly fruitful instructive projects †the Intensive English Program, offered at the country’s best learning foundations The Western Washington University, Bellingham. The Intensive English Program offered at the Western Washington University's Bellingham grounds offers an assortment of projects focused on customary and certificate program understudies with in any event 23 hours of guidance for each week. WASHINGTON, Date: _/_/_ There has been a consistent ascent in the quantity of global understudies in schools and colleges across United States. In the scholarly

Were closed Friday for Independence Day COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Were closed Friday for Independence Day COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog This Saturday, July 4, marks an important day in the United States of America. Its a national holidayone commonly associated with barbeques, fireworks  and paradeswhere  we commemorate the adoption of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. To honor the date,  the Office of Admissions Financial Aid will be closing early this week. So when we leave  our office  on Thursday, July 2, 2015 at 12:30 p.m. EST, we will remain closed for the long weekend.  Well resume normal business hours on Monday, July 6, 2015 at 9:00 a.m. EST. If youre in town this weekend,  I encourage you to check out NYCs free flagship July 4 event,  Macys Fourth of July Fireworks Show. Just grab a spot near the Brooklyn Bridge (Manhattan or Brooklyn side) to watch the department store giant fire off more than 40,000 fireworks choreographed to a 25-minute patriotic soundtrack. (Even if youre not an American, you can still enjoy the show!) You can also spend your afternoon at Nathans Annual Hot Dog Eating Contest on Coney Island; attend the New York Mets vs. Texas Rangers baseball game at Citifield in Queens; or  if youre with the family, check out the  Lucky Diaz and the Family Jam Band at the Bronx Zoo. No matter how you spend your Fourth of July weekend, Im sure itll be a memorable one. After all, youre in NYC! Until Monday!

The Debate Over Embryonic Stem Cell Research - 1710 Words

Embryonic Stem Cell Research Embryonic stem cells, according to the National Institute of Health, are cells obtained from embryos that are prepared from fertilized eggs which have been collected through the in vitro technique; in specialized clinics. Scientists use the stem cell research to have a better idea about the evolution, aging, and disease. Thus, they keep track of the stem cells progress across the lifetime; this tracking process can help scientists to figure out the genetic mutations of malfunctioned cells in many diseases. However, the stem cell research is controversial among the society. There is a part of the society that believes that the government should fund the stem cell research not only for the benefits it adds to scientific fields but also for its contribution toward the wellbeing of humankind such as the prevention and treatment of a lot of diseases, as well as making new and efficient drugs. On the other hand, opponents argue that the embryonic stem cells should be considered as human l ives; they deserve the same respect and protection everyone else has. Therefore, the money of the taxpayers should not fund and promote an immorality. First of all, it is important to stabilize that most stem cells are restricted to model a specific type of descendants. For example, dermis stem cells can only create skin cells, hematopoietic stem cells can only generate blood cells and so on. In contrast, embryonic stem cells have the capability to develop all type ofShow MoreRelatedThe Debate Over Embryonic Stem Cell Research1652 Words   |  7 PagesEmbryonic stem cell research could one day hold the key to many new scientific discoveries if it is continuously funded in the years to come. I chose to base my research around the question, Should embryonic stem cell research be government funded? When I finish highschool I hope to pursue a career in the medical field. Although I wish to become a doctor and may not be directly researching stem cells, they may one day be a treatment that I will have to administer to patients. To answer this questionRead MoreThe Debate Over Embryonic Stem Cell Research1543 Words   |  7 PagesWhile embryonic stem cell research has been ongoing for more than 30 years, it has only become a controversial topic over the past decade. The embryonic stem cell was first isolated in 1981 by two scientists at the University of Cambridge. However, it wasn’t until 1998 at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, where the first batch of embryonic stem cells were created in a test tube. In 2001, President George W. Bush approved the use of federal funding for research on this topic, following this actionRead MoreThe Debate Over Embryonic Stem Cell Research1690 Words   |  7 Pageshas been far from reality until the research from embryonic stem cell therapy surfaced. Since former president George W. Bush banned federal funding on embryonic stem cell research in 2001 it has caused a halt in advancements and caused controversy in the public. According to an article by Beau Watts, an accredited physician; embryonic stem cells are pluripotent cells (Beau Watts). This means they have not decided what function they perform yet. Since the cells do not know the function, it can beRead MoreThe Debate Over Embryonic Stem Cell Research852 Words   |  4 Pagesknowledge of stem cell research has already created the ability for doctors to print a functional organ just as easily as people can print a persuasive research essay. With great medical advancements comes great controversy. The main way researchers have been studying stem cells is by harvesting undifferentiated embryonic stem cells. Those who oppose embryonic stem cell research claim that stem cell harvesting damages and kills the un-born embryo; however, because of advancements in the stem cell harvestingRead MoreThe Debate Over Embryonic Stem Cell Research1907 Words   |  8 PagesApril, 2017 Embryonic Stem Cell Research Imagine living in a world without cancer, Parkinson s, or even diabetes. While everyone may wish this is true, people are against a way that researchers can make this possible, which would be by the use of stem cells. There is major controversy on whether or not stem cell research should be allowed, especially when it comes to embryonic stem cell research. Although many consider it to be killing a potential life form, embryonic stem cell research may eventuallyRead MoreThe Debate Over Embryonic Stem Cell Research2410 Words   |  10 Pagesisolated the first embryonic stem cells in 1981 (stemcell.child), the controversy in embryonic stem cell research was never discussed. For, an embryo was never able to survive outside of the womb until then; however, today, this topic is widely discussed among ethicists, medical professions, politicians, and more for several reasons. On one side of the argument, embryonic stem cells have the capability of repairing damaged tissue, and with further research it is believed that these cells will be able toRead MoreThe Debate Concerning Embryonic Stem Cell Research Essay1406 Words   |  6 Pagespolitical battles in the United States in recent years has been over the morality of embryonic stem cell research. The embryonic stem cell debate has polarized the country into those who argue that such research holds promises of ending a great deal of human suffering and others who condemn such research as involving the abortion of a potential human life. If any answer to the ethical debate surrounding this particular aspect of stem cell research exists, it is a hazy one at best. The question facing manyRead More Embryonic Stem Cell Research: How does it affect you? Essay1557 Words   |  7 Pages Embryonic Stem Cell Research: How does it affect you? nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Embryonic stem cell research is widely controversial in the scientific world. Issues on the ethics of Embryonic Stem (ES) cell research have created pandemonium in our society. The different views on this subject are well researched and supportive. The facts presented have the capability to support or possibly change the public’s perspective. This case study is based on facts and concernsRead MoreControversy in the Use of Embryonic Stem Cells Essay1030 Words   |  5 Pagescan the use of stem cells be so controversial?†, one may ask. If the stem cells are donated out of free will or were going to be destroyed anyway, how can putting them to better use be controversial? Sure, a potential life must be destroyed to save a life, but only before one can tell that it is a human. Should the use of stem cells for medical research and use be regulated? These questions and more will be discussed and pondered throughout this paper. A stem cell is defined as a cell that can changeRead MoreStem Cell Research Needs to Be Funded Essay1555 Words   |  7 Pagesinsulin shots. With the development of stem cell research, and the more controversial embryonic stem cell research, every one of these instances could not only be cured, but prevented, within the next half century. In fact, diseases that are predicted to be treated by means of stem cell research are figured to now plague the likes of 100 million Americans. Looking at the arguments dealing with stem cell research, it is evident that the advantages of stem cell research greatly outweigh the disadvantages

Jaguar Plc, 1984 - 1911 Words

Executive Summary: Jaguar PLC, 1984 This case explores the operating exposure of Jaguar PLC in 1984, just as the government is about to relinquish control and take the company public via an IPO. The primary concern of the CFO is that Jaguar sells over 50% of its cars in the US, while its production costs and factories are U.K.-based. This currency mismatch creates operating exposure for the firm that needs to be hedged. While the current trend in the USD has been higher, the markets are expecting a pullback in the currency. With labor accounting for a significant portion of the cost base for luxury car industry, it is unlikely that the expense will decline in the near future. Again this creates a potential liability in the matching†¦show more content†¦Jaguar has performed extremely well in the U.S. market, thanks in large part to the substantial real appreciation of the U.S. dollar against all European currencies. Previously, the strong dollar gave Jaguar the opportunity to cut its prices, however, given the fact that luxury cars are not price sensitive it had not done so (nor had its competition). If Jaguar were to increase prices of cars in the US (to keep profit margins constant at the pre-U.S. dollar depreciation level), demand would drop and they would sell fewer cars. If they keep prices the same (in US$), profit margins would be squeezed, and hence possibly the company s share price as well. Sources of Exchange Rate Exposure Given the nature of its business, Jaguar is faced with three types of exchange rate exposure (1) Transaction, (2) Translation and (3) Economic . Transaction exposures arise whenever the firm commits (or is contractually obligated) to make or receive a payment at a future date denominated in a foreign currency. Translation exposures arise from accounting based changes in consolidated financial statements caused by a change in exchange rates. In this case we primarily focus on the Economic exposure -also known as Operating exposure or Competitive exposure- of Jaguar. Economic exposure is the change in expected cash flows arising because of an unexpected change in exchange rates. Aside from existing obligations of the firm which will be settled in foreign currencies atShow MoreRelatedEssay Jaguar PLC, 19841837 Words   |  8 Pages Executive Summary: Jaguar PLC, 1984 This case explores the operating exposure of Jaguar PLC in 1984, just as the government is about to relinquish control and take the company public via an IPO. The primary concern of the CFO is that Jaguar sells over 50% of its cars in the US, while its production costs and factories are U.K.-based. This currency mismatch creates operating exposure for the firm that needs to be hedged. While the current trend in the USD has been higher, the markets are expectingRead MoreStock Market Liberalization2466 Words   |  10 Pages------------------------------------------------- Multinational Corporate Finance ------------------------------------------------- Fall 2012 Jaguar plc, 1984 Harvard Business School Prod. #: 290005-PDF-ENG. http://hbr.org/product/jaguar-plc-1984/an/290005-PDF-ENG?Ntt=Jaguar%2520plc%252C%25201984 Case Questions 1. Consider Jaguar’s exchange rate exposure. To which currencies is Jaguar exposed? What are the sources of these exposures? How would the company be affected by a 25% decline in the value of the dollarRead MoreJaguar (Ford Takeover)3979 Words   |  16 Pages1. USD - The currency Jaguar is most exposed to has been the US Dollar (USD). Appendix item 1 shows that Jaguar historically (1984-1989) has a large proportion of retail vehicle unit sales and thus turnover generated from the United States. CAD and DM -To a much lesser extent, Jaguar has also had revenues driven from sales into Canada (5-7% of revenues) and Europe (6-14% of revenues), although it is not clear from case data to which Euopean country the Jaguars have been exported. NB. This is pre-EuroRead MoreEssay on How Red Bull Maintain Their Stronghold8091 Words   |  33 Pagesis expected to expand by 64.3% to a value of $44.3 billion (Datamonitor PLC 2008), spread over three different categories: Sports, Energy, and Nutraceutical. These products aim to improve users, physically and mentally or just improve â€Å"well-being† (Moosa 2002; Datamonitor PLC 2008). With energy drinks being the largest sector at 47.3%, Red Bull ®, was first of its kind, holding a 29% global market share in 2008. (Datamonitor PLC 2008). â€Å"Spreading its wings† internationally since its birth in 1987, 2008Read MoreIntroduction of Sahara India Pariwar16656 Words   |  67 PagesChemicals, Tata Tea, Indian Hotels and Tata Communications. Tata Steel became the sixth largest steel maker in the world after it acquired Corus. Tata Motors is among the top five commercial vehicle manufacturers in the world and has recently acquired Jaguar and Land Rover. TCS is a leading global software company, with delivery centres in the US, UK, Hungary, Brazil, Uruguay and China, besides India. Tata Tea is the second largest branded tea company in the world, through its UK-based subsidiary TetleyRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 Pagesvariety of writers (see, for example, McCarthy and Perreault, 1990; Kotler, 1991; Jobber, 2003), Littler and Wilson (1995, p. 1) have pointed to the way in which ‘its adequacy is beginning to be questioned in some European textbooks’ (e.g. Foxall, 1984; Baker, 1987). It could be said that the AMA definition is more of a list than a definition and is therefore clumsy and inconvenient to use; that it cannot ever be comprehensive; and that it fails to provide a dem arcation as to what necessarily isRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagessuch as Cosworth, Ferrari designed and manufactured its own engines. However, it appeared that these new technologies were effectively substituting superior engine power with enhanced grip due to aerodynamic downforce and improved chassis rigidity. In 1984 British designer Harvey Postlethwaite became Ferrari’s ï ¬ rst non-Italian Technical Director and the ï ¬ rst who was not an engine designer by background. In 1986 British designer John Barnard was recruited to the top technical role. However, Barnard wasRead MoreStrategic Human Resource Management72324 Words   |  290 PagesManagement 7 What different models are there of HR strategy? (a) The Fombrun, Tichy and Devanna Model Fombrun, Tichy and Devanna developed one of the earliest models of human resource management in their book Strategic Human Resource Management in 1984. The model demonstrates one approach to human resource management: the development of human resource strategy to fit the overall organisational strategies. 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In the November 2009 listing of the world’s top 500 supercomputers, the top 100 machines were distributed as follows: IBM 33, Cray Inc.14, Silicon Graphics International (SGI) 12, Hewlett-Packard and Sun Microsystems 8 each, and 10 other

Titanic History Free Essays

As the Titanic sped across the North Atlantic on Sunday 14th April, 1912, it picked up a series of messages from other ships in the area warning about ice. Captain Smith was firm in hid belief that his ship was in no danger, and was urged on by Bruce Ismay the ship’s owner, to prove the vessel’s speed and reliability by setting to New York earlier than expected. â€Å"Full speed ahead,† remained the instruction, and although the captain steered the ship 25. We will write a custom essay sample on Titanic History or any similar topic only for you Order Now 7 km (16 miles) to the south before turning towards New York, no other notice was taken of the increasingly detailed reports about ice ahead. Where did these reports of icebergs ahead come from? From other ships by the use of wireless radio. The use of wireless on board a ship was still a novelty at the time of the Titanic’s maiden voyage. Two radio operators were employed by Marconi rather then White Star Liner. Their names were Jack Phillips and Harold Bride. Radio operators spent their time dealing with personal messages and did not need to be on 24 hour duty. As the Titanic steamed westwards towards the ice it received nine messages – by telegraph and signal lamp – warning of danger ahead. Although not all of these messages reached the bridge the message from the German steamer Amerika sent about 4 hours before the Titanic hit the ice berg, was passed to Captain Smith in person. The night of 14th April was clear and bitterly cold. As a routine precaution, the lookout men up in the crow’s-nest were warned to watch out for icebergs. Because it was such a clear night everyone thought there would be plenty of time to avoid any obstacle in the sea. But large ships at full speed do not turn quickly or easily, and when lookout Fredrick Fleet spotted an iceberg, at about 11:40 pm, it was too late to avoid a collision. As the ship approached Fredrick realised that the iceberg was considerably bigger than what he first saw. The titanic struck the iceberg at a glancing blow on the starboard side (right) of its hull and damaged appeared only slight. The iceberg was supposedly 30 meters over the deck but did little damage to the upper decks. However, below the waterline, and out of sight of the crew on the bridge, the iceberg punched a series of gashes and holes along 76 meters of the hull. The ship had 42 watertight bulkheads, but only 12 at the very bottom of the ship, could be closed electrically from the bridge. The rest had to be closed by hand. Some were left open, and others reopened to make it easier for the water pumps. Should a collision occur, the theory was that the ship would still float with two compartment flooded, or even with all four of the smaller bow compartments flooded. However, the bulkheads only reached three meters above the waterline allowing water to slop over from one compartment to another, thereby defeating the purpose of the bulkheads. At 12:05 am, 25 minutes after the collision, Captain Smith realised the extent of the damage to the Titanic and gave the order to abandon ship. For the next two hours total confusion reigned. There had been no lifeboat drill since leaving Southampton, and neither passengers nor crew knew where to go or what to do in the circumstances. Many felt it was safer to remain on deck than to be lowered into the freezing Atlantic aboard a lifeboat. Tragically, not one officer realized the lifeboats could be lowered fully laden. Had they done so a total of 1,178 people could have been saved rather than 706. As the lifeboats slid down the side of the Titanic, a flurry of activity took place on deck. The radio operators sent out distress signals. Officers on the bridge flashed messages by Morse signal lamps and fired rockets high into the sky to attract the attention of any passing ships. Yet despite all these actions, it was hard for many people to believe that this vast liner was capable of sinking. In order to attract any nearby ships, Fourth Officer Boxhall fired the fired of about eight powerful rocket signals at 12:45 am. Each signal sent up at five minute intervals was launched from the bridge and soared 240 meters into the air before exploding into a shower of light. As the Titanic slipped lower and lower into the water those left on board when the last of the lifeboats had departed were either gripped by a sense of panic or resign to their fate. As the ship plunged deeper into the sea, the stern rose up into the air, causing a tidal wave of passengers to fall of deck, some into the wreckage, others into the icy sea. The Titanic met it’s horrific ending. It was Captain Smith’s fault It was the shipbuilder’s fault It was Bruce Ismay’s fault It was Thomas Andrew’s fault Why did the Titanic Sink? â€Å"We have struck iceberg †¦ sinking fast †¦ come to our assistance.† The ship was doomed and it was slowly sliding into its watery grave. But why did the largest, most advanced ship of the century sink? Recommendations on how a disaster could be avoided in the future. * That the provision of lifeboat and raft accommodation on board such ships should be based on the number of persons intended to be carried in the ship and not upon tonnage. * That all boats should be fitted with a protective, continuous fender, to lessen the risk of damage when being lowered in a seaway. * That in cases where the deck hands are not sufficient to man the boats enough other members of the crew should be men trained in boat work to make up the deficiency. These men should be required to pass a test in boat work. * That the men who are to man the boats should have more frequent drills. That in all ships a boat drill, a fire drill and a watertight door drill should be held as soon as possible after leaving the original port of departure and at convenient intervals of not less than once a week during the voyage. Such drills to be recorded in the official log. * That every man taking a look-out in such ships should undergo a site test at reasonable intervals. * That all such ships there should be an installation of wireless telegraphy, and that such installation should be worked with a sufficient number of trained operators to secure a continuous service by night and day How to cite Titanic History, Papers

Study Evidence Inclined Practice Management-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Study Evidence Inclined Practice Management? Answer: Introducation Osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip or knee is an incessant condition treated with analgesics and non-steroidal calming drugs (NSAIDS).The malady influences large joints, for example, hip joint and knees and furthermore joints of the hands. The ligament at the joints is harmed, the fundamental subchondral bone framework is redesigned, and the constant aggravation of the synovium (Ashford and Williard, 2014). OA is regarded the primary source of incapacity with an obscure reason or remedy. The worldwide age institutionalized predominance for OA of the knee and hip has as of late been accounted for to be approximately 3.8 and 0.85 %, individually (Pickren, 2011). There are countless of fluctuating viability for OA. A few pharmacological operators have been utilized for administration of OA. Using the NSAIDs has appeared to be compelling for agony alleviation and development of capacity amongst people suffering from osteoarthrosis. In any case, it should be contemplated that NSAIDs are solut ions that cure the indications and hardly have they been connected with a change of the particular history of OA. Also, the restriction on unending utilization of NSAIDs is because they lead to unfavorable consequences for the gastrointestinal and cardiovascular frameworks, which are discovered fundamentally among elderly patients (Garner et al., 2002). As of late, new solutions are being considered in medications for OA. Inside this modern setting, glucosamine with chondroitin has risen as contrasting organic options to sedate treatment. Additionally, most as of late, a mix Meriva and Glucosamine has been used for the treatment of OA, and it is touted to be superior to the next pharmacological treatments. This paper will concentrate on contrasting the adequacy of glucosamine and chondroitin blend and that of glucosamine and Meriva on the treatment of OA. Many examinations have been led to find out the suitability of these medications however not all circumstances have been considered. Belcaro et, al. (2014) did an in vivo inquire about the appropriateness of the drug mixes in treating OA. The four-month organization of the medications considers was carried on 124 patients with grade one to two of knee OA. The Karnofsky performance scale index empowered the arrangement of the patients to their characteristic physiological impedance. This scale was additionally utilized in surveying the viability of the medications and anticipation in singular patients. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) survey was employed in depicting and rating the indications of OA. The patients were likewise subjected to treadmill test, and their execution was assessed at 3km/hr. And the separation secured without pain was noted up to the finish of the trial. The information acquired was measurably investigated utilizing the Stud ent's t test with 0.05 significance. On the discoveries, the Karnofsky record was altogether higher in Meriva and glucosamine when contrasted with glucosamine and chondroitin. Additionally, the separation shrouded in the treadmill test was fundamentally higher in Meriva and glucosamine than the control sample. From this examination, it was inferred that Meriva and glucosamine bring about speedier activity and enhanced result in correlation with the mix of glucosamine and chondroitin. With these enormous discoveries, there are a few weaknesses such as the patients engaged in the examination were still a small number and the ideal opportunity for the investigation was not sufficiently long to exhaustively assess the viability of the medications. Somewhere else, McAlindon et al. (2000) tested 15 randomized control trials which dissected the advantage of utilizing glucosamine plus chondroitin for remedying knee and hip OA. They inferred that glucosamine with chondroitin created in any direct event impacts, however, the nature of the article lacked and the measurement of the results introduced were overstated. Just one of the examinations included made a satisfactory depiction of the randomization strategies, and just two entailed expectation to-treat investigation. Another important consideration was that the greater part of the whole research was supported by pharmaceutical firms. An impact of the prescription was just less in the case of extensive all around planned trials were thought. Reichenbach et al. (2007) assessed the utilization of only chondroitin sulfate in 20 inquiries with an aggregate of 3,846 people with OA. They inferred that usage of chondroitin without any combination was not related with relieving pain and physiological change. Nonetheless, an enormous extent of the examinations introduced methodological imperfections. In another review, Lee et al. (2009) assessed 1,502 cases in a meta-analysis. The necessary result of the investigation was lessened average knee arthrosis space. It was presumed that glucosamine sulfate with chondroitin sulfate deferred the movement of gonarthrosis through reduced loss of joint space following three years of utilizing the treatment. The impact obtained was small with the utilization of chondroitin. It should be accentuated that for this examination, useful change together with agony diminishment was not assessed. In a basic translation, it should be borne at the top of the priority list that even with a measurably huge distinction for utilizing the drug, this may fail to be identified with a clinically appropriate result if the radiological movement of the joint mulled over. In another audit, Black et al. (2009) achieved conflicting conclusions in regards to the clinical upgrades amongst cases utilizing glucosamine sulfate with chondroitin, with just unassuming consequences for torment and capacity. Their assessment on joint space diminishment delivered information that was steadier, yet without clinical significance. In breaking down glucosamine sulfate alone, massive upgrades in agony, capacity, and joint space diminishment were watched, yet the clinical noteworthiness of this information couldn't be characterized with any clearness. Likewise in this examination, the cost viability association with the treatment couldn't be plainly illustrated. Besides, Clegg et al. (2006) distributed a multicenter randomized control trial named GAIT, which thought about the utilization of glucosamine and chondroitin in affiliation, celecoxib and fake treatment for clinical treatment of cases with knee OA. The clinical test assessed 1,583 cases in 13 inquiries focusing on the United States. As the necessary result, the investigation got that there was a 20% abatement of agony on the WOMAC and OMERACTOARSI. The general outcome following 24 weeks of follow-up demonstrated that glucosamine and chondroitin independently or in affiliation did not contrast from fake treatment or celecoxib concerning agony control. Notwithstanding, in breaking down the subsets, the relationship amongst glucosamine and chondroitin was appeared to be compelling for reducing pain in cases with direct to severe gonarthrosis. Nonetheless, provided that the information was not created for examinations on a given subgroup, the outcomes separated from a subset should just serve to produce theories for future research. A few creators have scrutinized the findings of this examination and are contended that in the USA, glucosamine and chondroitin are substances that are thought to supplement the diet and don't experience inflexible quality control. Meriva is an improved type of curcumin that has been settled with a restrictive curcumin-phosphatidylcholine phytosome complex. In this state, curcumin can go through tissue films and has enhanced bioavailability, in this manner requiring lower measurements. Belcaro et al. (2013) led an investigation to test on the adequacy of Meriva on OA. The research included 100 patients with OA in one or the two knees and went on for eight months keeping in mind the end goal to look at the security of long haul utilize. The patients were partitioned into two groupings, a controlling bunch who used their present medicinal medications, and the tested group, who added Meriva to their current treatment design. Members were assessed by a few unique parameters toward the finish of the trial. Lab tests measured incendiary markers, for example, interleukin-1, - 6, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Useful changes were measured with a treadmill test, assessment of pain, firmness and physical capacity, a nd modifications in tranquilizer medications, hospitalization rates, and social and passionate changes. Positive outcomes were acquired for all end-focuses in this investigation in the Meriva gathering. The Meriva amass saw a critical increment in treadmill separate, noteworthy change in incendiary markers, a 63% decline in NSAID and pain killer medicine use, and a huge change in useful, social, and passionate parameters. Scientists reasoned that Meriva was observed to be a protected and viable adjunctive treatment at only two containers (1,000 mg) every day. Meriva is pivotal to the lightening of OA indications and a blend with glucosamine upgrades its movement. Inferable from the above discoveries and different investigations it is apparent that Meriva and glucosamine are a superior blend in correlation with that of glucosamine and chondroitin. The proof exhibited the exploration by Belcaro et, al. (2014) is overpowering. The activity of Meriva and glucosamine on OA is snappy, and since it mitigates the agony, it is the perfect drug for the illness. Considerably, the blend altogether decreased the requirement for medicinal consideration thus cutting on the therapeutic expenses. In any case, more extensive investigations are necessary to determine these discoveries particularly the ones did for long periods. The most utilized pharmacological mix of glucosamine and chondroitin can be substituted with that of Meriva and glucosamine since the discoveries have sealed better outcomes accomplished with Meriva. Such a step is valid for it is su pported by scientific evidence from the many studies that have been conducted on this subject. References Ashford, S., Williard, J. (2014). Osteoarthritis: A review. The Nurse Practitioner, 39(5), 1-8. Belcaro, G., Cesarone, M. R., Dugall, M., Pellegrini, L., Ledda, A., Grossi, M. G., ... Appendino, G. (2010). Efficacy and safety of Meriva (R), a curcumin-phosphatidylcholine complex, during extended administration in osteoarthritis patients. Altern Med Rev, 15(4), 337-44. Belcaro, G., Dugall, M., Luzzi, R., Ledda, A., Pellegrini, L., Cesarone, M. R., ... Errichi, M. (2014). Meriva (R)+ Glucosamine versus Condroitin+ Glucosamine in patients with knee osteoarthritis: an observational study. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 18(24), 3959-3963. Black, C., Clar, C., Henderson, R., MacEachern, C., McNamee, P., Quayyum, Z., Thomas, S. (2009). The clinical effectiveness of glucosamine and chondroitin supplements in slowing or arresting progression of osteoarthritis of the knee: a systematic review and economic evaluation. Health Technology Assessment, 13(52). doi:10.3310/hta13520 Garner, S. E., Fidan, D., Frankish, R. R., Judd, M., Shea, B., Towheed, T., Wells, G. A. (2002). Celecoxib for rheumatoid arthritis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. doi:10.1002/14651858.cd003831 Lee, Y. H., Woo, J., Choi, S. J., Ji, J. D., Song, G. G. (2009). Effect of glucosamine or chondroitin sulfate on the osteoarthritis progression: a meta-analysis. Rheumatology International, 30(3), 357-363. doi:10.1007/s00296-009-0969-5 McAlindon, T. E., LaValley, M. P., Gulin, J. P., Felson, D. T. (2000). Glucosamine and Chondroitin for Treatment of Osteoarthritis. JAMA, 283(11), 1469. doi:10.1001/jama.283.11.1469 Reichenbach, S., Sterchi, R., Scherer, M., Trelle, S., Brgi, E., Brgi, U., Jni, P. (2007). Meta-analysis: Chondroitin for Osteoarthritis of the Knee or Hip. Annals of Internal Medicine, 146(8), 580. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-146-8-200704170-00009 Towheed, T. (2002). Published meta-analyses of pharmacological therapies for osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 10(11), 836-837. doi:10.1053/joca.2002.0841 Wade, G. J. (2011). Rethinking the model of osteoarthritis: a clinical viewpoint. The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association, 111(11), 631-637. Clegg, D. O., Reda, D. J., Harris, C. L., Klein, M. A., O'Dell, J. R., Hooper, M. M., Williams, H. J. (2006). Glucosamine, Chondroitin Sulfate, and the Two in Combination for Painful Knee Osteoarthritis. New England Journal of Medicine, 354(8), 795-808. doi:10.1056/nejmoa052771

Acer Case free essay sample

How can it sustain its growth? Answer: Acer Inc. , the world’s second-largest computer vendor, needs reengineering and repositioning because its previous winning formula is not effective any more, its founder Stan Shih said Tuesday. Shih, who no longer manages the Taiwan-based multinational computer group but still controls a huge stake in the company, made the suggestion on the sidelines of a cultural seminar. His advice came after Acer unexpectedly lowered its PC sales estimate for the first quarter of this year last Friday and gave a conservative forecast for its Q2 business prospects. Shih acknowledged that smartphones and tablets have had a significant impact on the personal computer industry. He expressed the view that Apple’s products, such as iPhone and iPad, have brought new visions and new concepts to the technology industry. Because of changing business environment, Acer underwent a major re-engineering almost once every 10 years. In 1992, Acer reshaped its increasingly bloated organization under a lean and mean strategy. We will write a custom essay sample on Acer Case or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Now the company is at a crossroad again. Shih said Acer has only lowered its business forecast and has not incurred any losses. â€Å"But its misforecast indicates that the PC market is undergoing substantial changes, † Shih said. â€Å"The unexpected slow sales in Q1 should serve as a wake-up call. It’s time for Acer to undergo its third wave of re-engineering and re-positioning. Noting that Apple not only sells products but also sell services and that HP has announced its decision to install its Web OS system in its PCs, Shih said Acer should come up with new strategies to sustain its growth. 3. Despite strong competition from Dell and Hewlett-Packard, Acer’s US. Market share increased from 1 percent in 2004 to 16 percent by the end of 2009. what are Acer’s prospects for gaining further share in the United States? Answer: From its inception, Acer had been a component and equipment manufacturer for relabeled lectronic products marketed and sold by recog nized global companies. Along with the booming of the PC industry came the need to produce PC components faster, cheaper and more efficiently; this need gave birth to several companies akin to Acer, which in turn contributed to market saturation. Strategic management theories have taught us that when a company faces market saturation, the most effective way to growth is to engaged in expanding its operations, marketing and selling activities to another market. In this case, Acer determined that they would take the company into the global electronics and personal computer playfield. Right now Dell and Hewlett-Packard are two much positioned brands and I think their market share is way bigger because their market is different, they decided to have different strategies and if Acer decides to gain further share in the US, they should do a new campaign to position Acer as â€Å"choice for a PC†.

What Is American Dream Essay Example

What Is American Dream Essay Example What Is American Dream Essay What Is American Dream Essay Name: Instructor: Course: Date: The American Dream The American dream can be defined as the assurance of a perfect America filled with utopian objectives and endless possibilities (Schulman, 2008). This is regardless of racial background and social status. Life is believed to be better and comfortable for all and there is potential to become whatever you want. Everyone dreams of a life without stress and challenges, with never-ending supply of money and bliss. With enough money to buy anything, a good job, a great family and living in affluent places in America like Hollywood and Los Angeles. It is believed that all this is possible in America, hence the phrase ‘The American Dream’. This dream provides you with the perfect friends and family, who are always there for you and love forever. This is the reason why many people go to the United States of America. They believe that in America, they would achieve their personal goals, autonomy and impartiality, something they could not achieve in their countries. Those who come to America are promised a life full of money through hard work and fortitude. In addition, all Americans are provided with equal opportunities and rights to accomplish their dreams. Thomas Wolfe is noted to have said, â€Å"†¦to every man, regardless of his birth, his shining, golden opportunity†¦the right to live, to work, to be himself, and to become whatever thing his manhood and his vision can combine to make him† (Wolfe, 2011, 2). According to this quote, everyone is provided with equal opportunities on orders to achieve the American dream. However, this depends on the efforts put into making this dream come true. This means that there are those who will work hard enough and achieve their dreams while others will not be as lucky to realize the American dream. Everyone, in spite of ethnicity, race or religion, is given the same chance at success but only those who are strong will live to enjoy the fruits of their labor. Some examples of the American include owning a decent home, having a well-paying job, a beautiful wife or husband and having supportive family members and friends. These examples are painted to society and they have helped many people to move to America. The thought of having all these things is what attracts people to the United States. Some of the immigrants in America are currently living their personal American dreams because they worked to get to where they are. Some have been able to bring their families to America from their countries of origin. Higher education is another example of the American dream. Education in America is considered cheaper than that in most third world countries hence the reason why numerous students are opting to travel to America. This opportunity at higher education also provides them with chances at better-paying jobs and eventually living their American dream. The media plays an important role in portraying the American dream because of its grasp on society. Shows that are run on television and radio on how fast richness can befall individuals for example ‘who wants to be a millionaire’ are used to paint the perfect image of achieving the American dream. Those watching such shows are made to believe that one can become wealthy overnight. They think that by participating in the game and reality shows, anyone can get prosperous and prominent quickly. What they do not know is that these shows are created to improve ratings. Another example is the lottery systems. These are used to lure unsuspecting foreigners to America with the hopes of winning and consequentially achieving their American dreams. This has also created a notion in many people that it is better to become rich through fortune than through hard work. Not everything on television and radio is what it appears. Music videos, movies and international models portray a different picture of the American dream (Marchand, 2007). Through music videos, people are convinced that through becoming a rapper or singer, one can land himself millions of dollars. The lavish mansions and beautiful women on these videos lure young people to immigrate to America in pursuit of their American dreams. Many artists are seen throwing money and using expensive cars in their music videos. This is used to attract young to watch the videos; however, they are not told made aware of the struggle it takes to produce such videos. They are not aware of the amount of money it takes to own a mansion and establish musical careers in America. In addition, through music videos shown online and on television, people are made to believe that music can land themselves beautiful women and wealth. This is contrary to the reality in which it takes more than music videos to achieve the American dream. The international modeling industry exposes young men and women to things that they are not accustomed to seeing without offering proper explanations. Models in America and other developed countries are seen living exclusive lives and enjoying extensive riches. They are on billboards and television advertisements, they own expensive cars and enjoy the company of the most influential people in the world; living their American dreams. This has been used to persuade people to pursue modeling careers for a chance to have a taste of that life. What is hidden is the negative aspect of the modeling industry like the cases of anorexia and sometimes death of models because of pressure to stay thin. Movies also play a vital role in convincing people that the American dream is easily achieved. Movie stars are constantly seen living in luxurious mansions and driving customized vehicles, it is a vicious game of trying to stay ahead of each other. There are cases of achieving the American through social media. This can be viewed from social media celebrities who have attained their wealth through connecting people. These are people like Mark Zuckerberg, the founder of Facebook. Such celebrities spend all their time on the internet trying to create a connection between people in different parts of the world. Most times, they do not have to work eighty hours a week and they make unbelievable amounts of money. However, this seems unfair to those who have grown up in places where the internet is unheard of and those who do not have the required education to operate computers and the internet. Such people are forced to work extra hard just to get by because they do not possess adequate qualifications to land better-paying jobs. This means that their chances of achieving the American dream are slim, as their hard work does not always pay. The media plays an important role in trying to lure people to immigrate to America with hopes of living the American dream. Through music videos, movies and the internet, America is portrayed as the perfect country with money, fame and prosperity. It is paramount that the media exaggerates on the matter because their sole purpose is to attract and maintain an audience. Americans themselves are caught up in the American dream as most of them have accumulated huge debts in order to emulate their wealthy counterparts (Best, 2012). In their quest to experience the American dream, many people, American or otherwise, have resorted to criminal activities. Such include robbery, fraud and sometimes murder. This is encouraged by movies where crime is seen as the fastest way of acquiring wealth. Therefore, without the media the American dream would continue to be just that, a dream. It was easier for people to define the American Dream a few decades back, this is because many people were leading it. When people come to America looking for the American Dream, they hope to come to a country that is full of opportunity. In 1931, James Turslow Adams believed that the American Dream is land where people can lead a â€Å"better, richer and fuller life† for anyone in pursuit of this dream (Adams, 2012, 16). This is where the American Dream is and this where people want to live. As was defined many years ago, the promise of the American dream is today used by politicians to woo voters. Every political party strives to help its members achieve the American dream in one way or another. Democrats are in support of labor unions so that the meager-earning workers can have a slice of their American dream whereas republicans support an economic system that only looks into the welfare of the rich and successful in society and this is done at the expense of others. Nevertheless, this land flowing with milk and honey is not what Americans have been experiencing in the recent past. The American dream, it is believed, is long. People would now like to live in the past, where it was possible to own a house without the fear of losing it, where the economy was strong and people could feed their families if only they worked hard enough. When the concept of the American dream first came into being, it was because the economy was stable and life was cheaper. Owning a house was easy and job opportunities were available for anyone who was willing, regardless of educational qualifications. Today, the American Dream is no longer about the physical address or location in the town. Where do people want to live when they think of the American dream? They want to live in the past, the American dream that was promised by the founding fathers of the greatest nation. An example of the where the people want to live when they think of the America dream is where they have a big house, with a beautiful family in a peaceful suburban neighborhood. The hope that their houses will be surrounded by a white picket fence and that no one would think of jumping over it to do harm. People believed in owning a dog and having friendly neighbors. People want to live in a place where the education system is good and guarantees prosperity. For example, when one thinks of education in terms of the American Dream, they think of Harvard, Yale, Columbia, Princeton, Berkley, MIT, and Stanford among other great universities. These are examples of schools that exemplify the great American promise of prosperity. If one does not go to a good school, they are not likely to lead prosperous lives as expected. People look at the beautiful skyline of New York City and see that the American Dream is limitless and that everyone can have it. In New York, people enjoy a good life with good schools, good healthcare and good jobs. People are making money in Wall Street everyday. Money is the measure for success and the attainment of the American Dream. Therefore, when people think of the American Dream and they believe that they can achieve what the rich in New York can and enjoy the high social life that has been associated with the elite in the city. People come from allover the world to ensure that they lead such a life. Americans wake up every single day hoping that one day their lives would measure up to the American Dream. When people think of the American dream, they want to live in Los Angeles, the city of stars. People want to be rich and famous because Los Angeles is one of the few places in the world where one becomes rich and famous at the same time. Hollywood has been a shinning beacon for actors everywhere. A chance to act in a movie or even in a television series is a chance to pursue the American Dream of a person who wants to become a star. The American Dream promises a life that is devoid of suffering and epitomizes togetherness and equality of all races. Washington DC, the capital of America, is a beacon of hope for all who pursue justice and equality. People would want to come to America because they will be accorded justice and asylum from oppressive nations. These are just some examples of cities and places that embody the American Dream. What people pursue in the American Dream is a chance to be prosperous regardless of race, gender, sexual orientation and nationality. However, the prosperity of the nation is threatened by the tough economic times that have grappled the country. It is increasingly becoming difficult to sustain life in America given by the rise in living standards and the economic downturn affecting developed countries in the world. People, it seems, no longer believe that they are pursuing the American Dream. This dream is increasingly becoming difficult to pursue and the people who are believed to be enjoying the American Dream are only the rich. Those who are fortunate enough to own their own homes and drive luxurious cars are movie stars and other celebrities while the rest of America struggles to put food on their tables. While the rich continue to get richer, the poor continue to become poorer. This gap, it seems, can no longer be bridged because the rich do not want to share the secrets to their wealth and the poor are not willing to work hard enough to acquire wealth. Only a handful of Americans are said to be living the American dream and this includes those holding government positions, politicians and celebrities. The others are living below the poverty line, which is a grave situation because America is believed to be the land of milk and honey. The economic situation is affecting many people across America. People are therefore worried about where exactly in America the can achieve the American Dream (Hochschild, 2001).

The Screenplay Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Screenplay Analysis - Essay Example 56). The main theme of the movie is the forbidden love between the fictional characters Rose and Jack, who are from different worlds but fall in love during their journey. The focus of this paper will be carrying out a screenplay analysis of the Titanic movie highlighting the outstanding features that Cameron uses to develop his story. Without doubt, James Cameron is an experienced producer and director considering he successful films that he has done. In the development of the Titanic movie, he makes use of the three act structure in developing his story line. As the name of this feature suggests, the film has three distinct parts, namely the setup, the confrontation and the resolution. A close examination of the film reveals that act one serves as the setup. This is because it is in this act that the audience is introduced to the characters and to the story. Cameron presents the background of the film in act one. The audience gets to understand that Brock Lovett, who is a hunter of treasures and has been on a rigorous search for a necklace called ‘Heart of Ocean’. It is at this point that Rose admitted that it was her necklace and begins to narrate how things transpired after she and other passengers including her mother and fiancà © had boarded the Titanic ship. From the description presented, the audience becomes aware of the setting of the story which is specifically in a ship (Wright 2004, p. 66). As Rose remembers what transpired, the turning point in the setup is revealed. This occurs when she tried committing suicide but was saved by Jack Dawson who was in the third class section of the ship. This serves as the turning point in the setup because it served to take the story into a different direction. Because of the reason that Jack saved Rose, Cal and Rose’s mother were compelled to invite him for dinner (Tucker 2012, p. 126). This provided an opportunity for Rose and

Religions of the Common Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Religions of the Common - Research Paper Example Abraham, the first Patriarch is considered as the founder of Judaism, while Christianity on the other hand was founded by Jesus Christ in the 1st century A.D (ReligionFacts, 2013). Both religions are intertwined because both can trace their earliest beginnings from Abraham. Christianity literally means followers of Christ and those who follow His teachings. Judaism denotes the people who belong to the Jewish heritage or ethnicity and who mostly follow the law given to the Jews and Moses in the Old Testament. It also means those that belong to the tribe of Judah. Christ Himself was a Jew but ushered in the dispensation of Grace, coming into great conflict with those who believed in Judaism during hid days on earth. Christians have the belief that one God exists, and is in three persons, the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit. This is narrated in the Jesus’ great commission to His disciples in Mathew 28; 19 where new believers are to be baptized in the name of the Father, Son a nd Holy Ghost. Christians also believe in the Bible which they believe is God’s word revealed to man. Christians believe that the people who wrote the Bible had inspiration from God and thus they refer to it as the Word of God. Christians also believe in the deity of Christ, that He is the second of the Godhead and that He is equal to God (ReligionFacts, 2013).... oman Catholic division of Christianity, for example, writings of ecumenical councils and ancient church Fathers and creeds are included in the division’s beliefs and practices. Christians also have sacraments and ordinances like baptism and Holy Communion with the Roman Catholic and Orthodox divisions adding the sacraments of marriage, confirmation, penance, Holy orders and anointing of those who are sick (ReligionFacts, 2013). In all of the Christian divisions, prayer is given great preeminence though the order and conducting of the same has varies from division to the other. Christians believe that mankind inherited an original sin from their first parents Adam and Eve who sinned against God. Jesus Christ paid for sin by His death on the cross to reconcile man back to God as narrated in the Bible in scriptures in Romans 5: 17. Christians and mostly Protestants believe in salvation through the work the sacrifice of Jesus Christ on the cross and not by any other works or sacri fices (Horbury 2006). They believe that God redeems man through the work of the cross, giving them a new birth and new life, 2 Cor 5: 17. Christians also believe that there is a place of eternal fire known as hell which will be used to punish the unrighteous from everlasting to everlasting. They believe that man is destined to die, and after death there will be judgment, with those that are righteous going to heaven and those that will be not being condemned to eternal hell. The Roman Catholic division of Christianity teaches that some souls that will need cleansing will be taken to purgatory before being allowed into Heaven. Christians practice their worship in churches, chapels, cathedrals and Basilicas (Avery-Peck & Neusner, 2009). On the area of clothing, Christian divisions like orthodox

Threat Of Substitutes And Bargaining Power Of Customers Marketing Essay

Threat Of Substitutes And Bargaining Power Of Customers Marketing Essay As mentioned earlier in part 1.3, I will be using Porters Five Forces to analyse the external environment to obtain a comprehensive understanding of a given industry. My focus here will be the fast food industry. BK is my chosen company to evaluate the effect of globalisation has upon fast food industry. The analysis will be done in four areas as below and there may be some overlapping of points as they can be interrelated. There are six major sources identified as barriers to a market entry which include economies of scale, product differentiation, capital requirement, switching cost, access to channels of distribution and government policy (Porter, 1980). All these have had impact on BK especially as from the point of view of globalisation. In my observation, it is very possible to open one or two outlets but to globally have a chain of outlets with the same branding requires tremendous capital requirements. Thus globalisation has directly impacted BK in the way it structured its business model through franchising. BK could afford to do so as with agreements such as US- Canada Free Trade Agreement and North American Free Trade Agreement (Reference for Business, 2010). BK took advantage of the relative free flow of resources under globalisation to expand globally. Franchising is a relative low cost and low risk business model. Most of the US franchisors often use this method to enter a new market with diverse economical, cultural and political environment (Alon, 2006). For instance, 88% of BKs restaurants worldwide are franchised in fiscal 2009, contributing to $412.5 millions of total revenue globally (Burger King Holdings Inc., 2009). Franchising enables the business to develop in an unfamiliar market relatively quickly on a larger scale, allows the use of local partners who are familiar with local environment and also to create a standardised, global brand image, generating marketing economies of scale (McDonald et al., 2002). Charts below will provide further information on BKs franchise restaurants. Chart 1: Percentage of BKs Franchise Restaurants and Company Restaurants Worldwide ( Burger King Holdings Inc.,2009; SEC Info, 2007) Chart 2: Revenue Breakdown From BKs Total Revenue Worldwide (Burger King Holdings Inc., 2009) However with globalisation, competition is globalised and relentless. McDonalds is actually BKs largest competitor as it provides better menu variety with more valuable and affordable prices (CNN.com, 2009), biting into BKs revenue by securing a larger market share. McDonalds is also more a pioneer compared to BK because it opened its first restaurant in 1940 (Spiritus-temporis.com, 2005) compared to BK with its first restaurant in 1954 (WikiAnswers, 2010). Being a pioneer, McDonalds has many advantages which includes entrenchment of position in consumers minds, creating higher thresholds for later entrants in terms of quality, advertising and distribution support, enjoys long-term market share advantages and reputation benefits (Gass et al.,2003). It is the effect of globalisation where McDonalds has built around 32,000 outlets in more than 117 countries (McDonalds Corporation, 2010). With its expansion into international markets, the company is famous throughout the world and is the leader in this industry followed by BK only at second place. The difference in number of outlets worldwide which also translates into sales volume differences between these two fast food chain can be seen clearly in the diagrams below. Chart 3: The total number of restaurants worldwide for BK and McDonalds. ( Burger King Holdings Inc.,2009; McDonalds Corporation, 2009) Chart 4: Comparison of Sales Revenues Between BK and McDonalds (Burger King Holdings Inc., 2009, McDonalds Corporation 2007; 2009, SEC Info, 2007) Based on the charts, McDonalds is approximately 3 times larger than BK in terms of outlet and 10 times larger in terms of sales revenues. Substantial capital is also needed in terms of advertising to build up BKs brand. The advertising cost of McDonalds is approximately 8 times higher than BK thus creating a higher barrier entry when BKs brand name is lacking compared to McDonalds. To compete with McDonalds, BK needs more capital to increase its advertising as it is very much needed in globalisation to introduce BK in new markets and building up its image that they may otherwise not known about (Coulter, 2001). To ease comparison of the advertising cost, it is illustrated in chart below. Chart 5: Advertising cost of BK compared to McDonalds (Burger King Holdings Inc., 2009; SEC Info, 2007; McDonalds Corporation, 2007;2009) With these type of cost outlays, for other competitors to come into the same scale as these two companies is extremely daunting indeed, thus the threat of entrants is low, though for smaller players is possible to find niches that are under or not exploited as yet. Luckily the advertising costs have resulted in branding, which builds a better image globally and flows ultimately into higher sales and profitabililty. Table below provides Best Global Brand Ranking 2009 highlighting few of BKs major competitors and where BK succeeded in positioning its brand among top 100 in year 2009. 2009 rank 2008 rank brand country of origin sector 2009 brand value ($m) 6 8 united states restaurant 32275 61 64 united states restaurant 5722 79 81 united states restaurant 3876 90 85 united states restaurant 3263 93 new united states restaurant 3233 Table 1: Best Global Brand Ranking 2009 (Interbrand, 2009) It is clear that BK lags behind McDonalds though in many ways this is to be expected given its much lower advertising cost outlays, which besides outlet costs, form a significant barrier of entry as mentioned earlier. 3.1.2 Product Differentiation With globalisation, BK differentiates itself from other fast food giants by acknowledging culture and country specific needs. For instances, Pork-based Bulgogi Burgers are offered in korea and the ultra-spicy Rendang Double in Singapore (Wikipedia, 2010). Picture 1: Pork based Bulgogi Burger Picture 2: Rendang Double (flickr.com, 2008 ) (therealnurulle.blogspot.com, 2010) BK also keeps its promise of Have it your way with customers having 221184 possible ways of ordering a Whopper meal (Swabey, 2007). This will help to ease its penetration into new market with different local conditions. BKs response to globalisation is obviously to cater to local tastes, as the pictures above testify. Another response to globalisation has been the move towards becoming more healthy by offering healthier menu with less salt and also with its product innovation to provide food with higher nutrition contents. At all times, BK is trying to differentiate itself to meet customers demands. Further details regarding food offerings will be mentioned in later part. 3.2 Threat of Substitutes and Bargaining Power of Customers Various global fast food chains have successfully make inroads in diverse market settings around the world (Watson, 2006). These restaurants stand the most conspicuous symbol of globalisation and modernity in countries worldwide (Wilk, 2006). Hence, they are often viewed as the cutting edge of emerging global consumer culture which have caused societies worldwide to become increasingly homogeneous and deterritorialised (Friedman, 2000). Although the expansion of Western quick-service eateries outside America and Europe has done much to transform established notions of service, taste and lifestyle (Schlosser et al., 2001), their spread has also given rise to rival domestic chains whose extensive knowledge of local preferences offers real advantages in attracting and retaining customers (Matejowsky, 2008). It is the strong bargaining power of customers which intensify the competition among various food chains with more substitutes available. To deal with these forces on a global basis, BK resorted to differentiate itself through innovative marketing and menu items. 3.2.1 Innovative Marketing BK has adopted a strategy which helps to differentiate them from their competitors. The company appointed TMP Worldwide Advertising Communications to create an exclusive company-wide employer branding campaign based on the concept Fun with a Future which concentrates on brand recognition, employee engagement and delivering on brand promise. BK decided to differentiate itself through its product and people with its employee as brand ambassador where all employees at all levels are linked to the company brand featuring in BKs advertisements and posters (Business and Finance Week, 2008). This is in line with the concept of globalisation where people of different races, culture and family background will have a common global identification as BKs brand ambassador. Pictures below feature BK employees who are of different races and cultures. Picture 3: Employees of BK in Tokyo Picture 4: Employees of BK in U.S. (associatedcontent.com, 2010) (farsons.com, 2010) BK also uses a creative marketing strategy by building an edgy, hip image with young men, who are targeted consumers (Jargon, 2006). For instance, in November 2006, BK began offering BK Xbox and Xbox 360 games with their value meals. After one month, 20 million of BK Xbox games had been sold. The games could only be bought with a value meal which means that BK attracted a lot of customers with this promotion, earning a nice profit from it. Comparing with BK, McDonalds on the other hand only places Nintendo mascot toys in their Happy Meals (Mattie, 2007). A picture of both BK Xbox and McDonalds Nintendo toys can be seen below. Picture 5: Burger King Xbox Picture 6: McDonalds Nintendo Toy ( blogs.ft.com, 2006) (toadcastle.net, 2006) The successfulness of BKs innovative marketing was already proven in 1999 in a TV campaign where Whopper was proclaimed as Americas Favourite Burger. That claim was based on the result of a research where 700 consumers were asked to name their favourite burger. 33% of them picked Whopper and only 12% chose McDonalds Big Mac (Cebrzynski, 1999). Having innovative marketing is a response to the threat of substitutes and bargaining power of customers as BK tries to embed itself on consumer consciousness globally. 3.2.2 Menu Options and Changes BK tries to reach out more customers through its menu to reduce threat of substitutes, which of course with globalisation is a full time and relentless force. As mentioned in part 3.1, health consciousness was rising among people with the obesity crisis hitting globally. It was found that United States tops the hierarchy for obesity with 30.6%, followed by Mexico and United Kingdom with 24.2% and 23% (NationMaster.com, 2010). Even though BK tries to blunt customers bargaining power and the threat of substitutes through aggressive marketing as seen above, in truth they are obviously much stronger with no switching cost. New Products Thus a response from BK is to try to be almost all things to customers. For instance, provide healthier food options. The company in its social responsibility statement promises to work with its trained chefs and nutritionist to develop new menu options that meet customers nutritional needs globally (Burger King Holdings Inc., 2010a). BKs efforts could be seen when it unveiled a healthy eating adaptation of its Have It Your Way strategy where posters in restaurants tell customers how to order a low carbohydrate, low fat and low calorie meal (Walker, 2004). The famous Whopper can also be served without the bun, mayonnaise and ketchup (MacArthur, 2004). BK also launched a new salad line offering shrimp and sirloin steak with grilled peppers and onions on it (Walker, 2004). Besides, health drive was initiated by BK by reducing salt and fat content in burgers and fries. Even children are targeted where childrens menu also comes with a choice of apples or grapes, milk or fruit juice (Forte, 2006). In 2008, BKs kids meal underwent makeover with the introduction of apple fries as part of the meal (Burger King Holdings Inc., 2010b). A list of BKs healthier options with their calorie contents are provided in Appendix 3. Pictures below show two healthy options from BK. Picture 7: Kids meal with Apple Fries Picture 8: Bunless Whopper (fastfood.ocregister.com, 2009) (hungry-girl.com, 2010) In addition, BK also later launched its Joe Coffee. This made-to-order coffee processed from 100% Arabica coffee beans (The Franchise Mall, 2005). This is actually a response to global economic crisis where it was found that consumers were trading down from more expensive coffee such as starbucks into lower ranking choices, providing a perfect option for BK. Thus even though globally the economic situation was dire, for instance it was found that 2009s world economic growth rate was only half percent (International Monetary Fund, 2009). BK found a new market segment to exploit to further reduce the threat of substitutes and bargaining power of customers. Latest initiatives include where in February year 2010, BK decided to replace its own coffee brand BK Joe with Seattles Best Coffee, a brand owned by Starbucks to increase falling sales by improving its product offerings (Tice, 2010). Pictures below show BKs Joe Coffee and its replacement, Seattles Best Coffee. Picture 9: BK Joe Coffee (ebay.com, 2010) Picture 10: Seattles Best Coffee (myalohavibe.com, 2010) BK also imitated a McDonalds breakfast item. BKs Breakfast Muffin Sandwich was promoted through an advertisement where a cleverly disguised BK breaks into McDonalds Headquarters to steal the Top Secret Blueprints for the Sausage McMuffin With Egg (Dave, 2010). Picture below shows the contrast between the two breakfast offering from McDonalds and BK. Picture 11: McDonalds Sausage McMuffin with Egg Vs BKs breakfast Muffin (davescupboard.blogspot.com, 2010) New Pricing It is not just menu changes were offered but also menu pricing as well. To meet the changing economic conditions as an impact of global recession, BK also announced that it will offer $1 double cheeseburger in order to gain market share back from McDonalds (Johnson, 2007). This has cause BKs franchisees to file a law suit challenging BKs right to dictate maximum prices as the products costs is at least $1.10 per sandwich (Glover, 2009). Thus even though BK tries to satisfy customers other stakeholders may not be happy, showing the complexities in managing relationships in the era of globalisation. Further in many ways, as seen in breakfast, and even in pricing, since the RM $1 cheeseburger, BK is imitating McDonalds. 3.3 Bargaining power of suppliers With globalisation, BK is required to maintain the quality of services in its restaurants worldwide. As a measure of quality control, BK will evaluate before approving the existing or potential manufacturers and distributors of food, packaging and equipment products used in the restaurants. Evaluation is done based on their delivery, timeliness and financial conditions. To ensure consistency, franchises are required to purchase their products from approved suppliers. (Burger King Holdings Inc., 2009). 3.3.1 Purchasing Power of BK Restaurant Services Inc. (RSI), a not-for-profit independent purchasing cooperative leverages purchasing power of the BK system in United States by negotiating the purchase terms for most equipments, food, beverages, toys and paper products used in the restaurants (Burger King Holdings Inc., 2009). RSI currently involves in the negotiation of purchase with BK for more than $3 billion a year in goods and services, managing supply agreements with over 300 suppliers and 27 distributors (Sterlingcommerce, 2009). For company restaurants and franchise restaurants in Canada, a subsidiary of RSI is responsible to purchase the products. However, there is currently no appointed purchasing agent that represents franchisees in other international regions. BK will work closely with their franchisees to implement programs that leverage their global purchasing power and to obtain lower product costs outside the United States and Canada. (Burger King Holdings Inc., 2009). Globalisation has increased the purchasing power of BK and therefore reducing bargaining power of suppliers with the ease of selection of suppliers who meet the company criteria 3.3.2 Suppliers of BK Food As a global fast food chain, it is important for BK to maintain its brand name worldwide. The image of the global brand could be destroyed in a day due to globalisation where news travels billion times faster than it used to be in the past. BK was labelled Murder King by animal activists forcing the company to implement new policies that are more closely monitor its suppliers. Thus by 2001, there were guidelines that require the egg suppliers battery cages to contain two water bottles, allowing the birds to stand upright and be at least 75 square inches (Detweiler, 2001). BK further discourages its suppliers from trimming chickens beak and breaking their wings to save packing space when transporting (Detweiler, 2001). Reports in media of one or more cases of food-borne diseases in one of BKs restaurant also negatively affect its sales worldwide when being highly publicised (Burger King Holdings Inc., 2009). During an earlier case in year 1997, BK cut off its ties with one of its biggest beef supplier, Hudson Foods Inc. as its beef supplies were contaminated with E.coli..Hudson voluntarily recalled the beef after the severity of E.coli contamination was discovered at its plant in Columbus, leaving some BK restaurants without sufficient beef supply for 24 hours to 48 hours (Papernik et al., 1997). Soft Drinks In fiscal 2000, BK decided to enter into a long term contracts with The Coca-Cola Company and Dr Pepper/Seven-Up Inc to supply all restaurants of BK in United States with their product (Burger King Holdings Inc., 2009). BK prolonged its long term liaison with The Coca-Cola Company as an approved soft drink supplier for its international region covering Greater Europe, Latin America and Asia-Pacific (PRNewswire, 2003). With the effect of globalisation, consumers in around 200 countries enjoy Coca-Cola products of more than 1 billions servings per day (The Coca-Cola Company, 2010). BK International President believes that with this renewed alliances, Coca-Cola Company, recognised as the worlds best known brand (The Coca-Cola Company, 2010) will help to grow the BK brand rapidly by providing the best burger experience to their consumers in all restaurants globally (PRNewswire, 2003). Getting into alliances with suppliers is a good way to also set up higher barriers of entry. From my analysis, bargaining power of food suppliers are strong but over soft drinks especially in terms of dealing with companies with strong brand name is weaker. Obviously, the extent to which the other party uses branding and distribution network as leverage globally as well. Employees Other than external suppliers, internal supplier is also an important piece of puzzle which without, BKs supplier network would not be complete. Hence, the bargaining power of its employees should not be shoved aside. BK had approximately 41320 employees in its company restaurants, field management offices and global headquarters as at 30th June 2009 (Burger King Holdings Inc., 2009). As mentioned in part 3.2.1, there are diversity of employees with different backgrounds, race, religion and cultures. It is clear that like globalisation, the factors in Porters Five Forces are interlinked and do not stand alone. The success of BK is highly dependent on its ability to attract general managers with necessary competences to be part of the management team to motivate the employees to sustain high service levels and maintain sales growth. The competition for the right employee candidates causes higher payment of wages featuring the high bargaining power of employees (Burger King Holdings Inc., 2009). However, where boundaries between countries became narrower and communication made easier with globalisation, the search for the right employee is more efficient and effective through online application, which could perhaps reduce their bargaining power. The selection of employees is important as a wrong choice would lead to negative publicity. In one of the cases, a BK employee in Jacksonville had tried to poison a customer as he was pissed due to his suspension for misconduct (Morbid, 2010). In another case, a Washington State Deputy, Edward Bylsma after discovering a spit on his Whopper ordered fr om a BK employee decided to sue BK seeking $75,000 of compensation (Ryan, 2010). No doubt with globalisation, these news would definitely spread fast and adversely impact the companys brand. Further, since a large portion of outlets are franchised as a result of BKs decision on this bus model to move globally, employees become even more important as front link assets to keep sales and profits up. With payroll expenses on the increase as seen in the chart below, it is clear that for employees, their bargaining power is, in my opinion, rated medium to high. Chart 6: Payroll and Employee Benefits for BK ( Burger King Holdings Inc., 2009) 3.4 Rivalry among Existing Competitors Globalisation has increased the competition among the fast food chain. With various quick service restaurants mushrooming worldwide, other than competing on a national or regional basis, they are competing with each other globally. As an effect of globalisation causing increases in degree of awareness among consumers, there has been intense competition among the competitors globally to gain market share. Increasing prices of raw material, agitation by social organisations, slow down of U.S economy and also increasing fuel prices has prompt many fast food chain to divert their attention to eastern part of the world especially China ( Naim, 2008). Although globalisation has ease the expansion of fast food chain worldwide with the ease of information transfer and seeking global suppliers, entry into China and other Asian countries still pose logistical and political challenges. As quoted from Martin (1994) in Nation Restaurants news Among the most frustrating obstacles are the scarcity and inordinately high cost of prime locations in most markets as well as the steep tariffs and patchwork of inconsistent regulations that impede imports of commodities and equipment. 3.4.1 New Geographical Regions and New Ventures Taking a closer look, even though globalisation has blurred boundaries, there are still differences in cultural issues between United States and other countries resulting in different eating habits of consumers ( Glazer, 2007). From consumer point of view, globalisation has resulted from development of sophisticated media contributing to the creation of a borderless market but it does not mean it is without internal differences or local tastes (Ziedman, 2003). When a company goes global, they are bound to satisfy the demands of local customers. For example in India, cows are sacred and worshipped by the Indians, beef could not be served and the muslims, they could not consume pork (Kulkarni et al., 2009). Hence, it is a must to substitute the beef and pork in the product offerings. To further compete globally, BK invested in Whopper Bars. BK opened their first Whopper Bar in Orlando during spring 2009, and the first in Asia in Singapore during September 2009 (International Wire, 2009). It offers a specialised burger menu with more than 20 toppings (Ruggles, 2010). On 8th February 2010, BK further announced that beer sales will be added at a new unit opening in South Miami. ( Ruggles, 2010). BK changes may not be rapid enough to obtain further market share from McDonalds but the company has been spending more effort in improving its sales in this global competition ( Anderlini et al., 2010). Competing on a global scale gives rise to global income streams. This would help BK to sustain the worldwide competition where the profit from a restaurant would balance the loss in another. The pie charts below show the distribution of revenue from different geographical region. Chart 6: BKs Geographical Sales from Year 2007-Year 2009 (Burger King Holdings Inc., 2009) In a way, the company is more dependent on its home market, as showed in the pie chart above where most portion of global stream income is generated. In a recent case in 2009, BKs advertisement for Texican Whopper burger in Europe had angered the Mexicans where a small wrestler featured in the advertisement was dressed in a cape resembling a Mexican flag. Mexicans have high respect for their flag and therefore could not tolerate such an insult from BK ( The Assiociated Press, 2009). This adverse publicity could have adversely impact its profits. Still, the company had not done unduly badly as seen in the charts below. Chart 7: Revenue, Gross Profit and Net Profit of BK from Year 2005 2009 (Burger King Holdings Inc., 2009, SEC Info, 2007) It is clear that BK has done well as seen in increasing absolute figures of all sales, gross profit and net profit. A look at gross profit and net profit margin also shows that on a relative basis the company is handling itself well in the world of globalisation. Chart 8: Gross Profit Margin and Net Profit Margin of BK from Year 2005- 2009 (Burger King Holdings Inc., 2009, SEC Info, 2007) Even though Gross Profit Margin has been decreasing slightly, its net profit margin has been increasing with a drastic improvement from year 2006 to 2007. This is definitely a good sign. 3.5 Conclusion and Recommendation Globalisation can be a threat to the company and also it may help its expansion. Being a global brand, BK has a lot benefits which include cost-efficiencies, sharing of resources and ability to attract partners, employees and customers on entering new market. It all depends how the company took opportunities and work towards their goals. Management of globalisation is the key to success and most importantly, BK need to balance between global and local control (Samli, 2008). The company has retreated back to the US market, which is why the share prices have been sliding back down in recent times as seen below. Chart 9 : BKs Share Price Ups and Downs from 2001 till 2010 ( Yahoo Finance, 2010) Recommendations made to companys performance are as follows: Moving In Developing countries, Especially India and China Aggressively: India and China both has a steady high economic growth rates of 8.8% and 10% in 2010 (India Brand Equity Foundation, 2010) and will probably be the major players in the world economy. It is definitely a wise option to expand BKs growth in these two countries by using local partners, local employees and local ingredients. Furthermore, BK could also offer limited promotions during festive seasons or special events, for instance during Chinese New Year or Deepavali as this will help to attract more customers during that period. Broader Menu Selection: As mentioned earlier in the project, BK should continuously provide more choices of menu which allow customers to pick from wider choices. This step should be taken to also reduce threat of substitutes from new entries and existing competitors. Its product offerings must also be ensured to meet the local taste. As mentioned by the officials of market research firm of the NPD Group, quick service operators who are expanding their brands outside the United States must customise each unit to meet the specific needs of consumers in the country and region they seek to enter (Glazer, 2007). Promotions and Advertising: As observed so far, BKs advertising has been giving positive impact on its sales. Hence, BK should continuously invest in its promotions and advertisement to gain market share. BK could perhaps invite its employees to give their opinion as they are also the brand ambassadors. This would allow a fresher and a more creative in flow of idea and to boost the motivation of the employees as they are invited to participate in the companys program. However, BK should avoid price wars with its competitors ie. McDonalds as this would pull down the profits of all burger chains. BK should choose to differentiate from its competitors. There is only one winner in cost strategy but there may be more than one winner in differentiation strategy. Relationships with Franchisees: There has been cases where the franchisees are not happy with the decisions of BK Inc..The most obvious example is the sale of doublecheese burger at $1. BK should strengthen its ties with the franchisees by encouraging them to provide ideas and feedbacks on how to improve sales. When there is a disagreement between them, BK should understand the reason behind and to solve it on a win-win situation. If this could be practised, law suit against BK Inc. could be avoided. In conclusion, Porters Five Forces Analysis that was used to analyse BKs stand in the industry gives a birds eye view of the company and industry globally. Globalisation plays a major role in pushing and shaping the company. The survival of BK is dependent on its ability to adapt to constant changes in business environment due to globalisation. With BKs effort in improving its performance, it will definitely survive in this field and could perhaps be the number one fast food chain worldwide in the future.